How does Java support functional programming? Explain with examples.

Java supports functional programming through lambda expressions and functional interfaces. For example:

interface Calculator {
    int operate(int a, int b);
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator add = (a, b) -> a + b;
        System.out.println(add.operate(5, 3)); // Output: 8
    }
}